In Africa, unregulated urbanization is associated with variety of policy issues spanning demographic, economic, and environmental concerns occurring in the context of massive rural-urban migration and rapid urbanization. These lead to structural weaknesses and even breaking points in cities that are not adequately prepared for the uncontrolled influx of rural populations seeking to improve their lives. The growing consensus is that this situation poses one of the major threats to environmental security in the developing world, and that they impact the poor and therefore the most food insecure to the greatest extent. Urbanization is one of the most significant trends in Africa at present, with rural populations migrating at unprecedented rates to urban hubs in search of employment and economic growth. The effect of this includes, among others, the growing of slums, pressure on infrastructure and the social problems, including security that accompany unemployment in an urban setting. Failing to address them adequately, could see emerging markets fall into the trap of replacing rural underdevelopment with urban underdevelopment - a destructive scenario that betrays the enormous potential that is so apparent on the African continent. The challenge of environmental security resonates from energy and climate security, to water and health security. These may affect the total well being of human and its society by making them not to fully access the expected benefits of urban society and may thus hinder its human security. The underlining goal of the concepts of Environmental security is aligned towards achieving sustainable development.

Noise survey of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital “A”, “B” = class room environment and “C” = Hostel environment of the University of Port Harcourt was carried. The study permit by the ethics committees was obtained and covers noise evaluation of the teaching hospital environment. The noise ranged 52 dBA around the wards, 72 dBA around the Motor Park and 112dBA at generator yard of the utility unit. Noise level around the class rooms “B” ranged 57 dBA while lectures are on and 75 dBA when lectures are over, depending on the hall size. The University hostel areas “C” had noise level of 55 dBA during examination week and 78 dBA during the student union week due to games, politics and cultural activities with high electronic sound blast. The statistical analyses of the minimum and maximum range is reflected in tables1, 2, 3 which shows a very high variability between the minimum A and maximum A while maximum B and maximum C shows a great correlation.  A  participatory  interphase   shows that electronic, radio and television noise, including telephone calls and  crowed of visitors can affect the next inmate psychologically and health wise beyond the  sound intensity because of  compact bed spaced despite visiting hours,  the hostels and  open wards needs health educators while  side room- experience is  different  and effectively  coordinated in favour of the private hospitals.

Developing on the theory of planned behavior, this paper provides a reconceptualization of student choice of university. The intent of the survey is to spot out elements that affect students’ choices of university.  A quantitative analysis approach was adapted in providing answers to the study’s objective. A survey was carried out on 50 respondents comprising of both undergraduate and postgraduate students cutting across all colleges in a university situated in Ogun state, Nigeria. The sample size was picked using a random stratified sampling approach. All 50 questionnaires were completed and used for factor analysis. Findings from the survey show that elements such as where the institution is located, qualification of faculty, content of programs, prestige of university, standard of facilities at the university, employment rate for university graduates and advertising strategies strongly influence student’s choice of university.

Suya spices are seasonings added to suya (Barbeque meat) and are becoming famous as compliments to meals such as fries and soups. Suya spice is consumed majorly in the northern part of Nigeria and by a few southerners. This study is aimed at analyzing the proximate and mineral compositions of suya spice obtained within Agege metropolis with respect to ingredients, processing, handling and storage respectively. Suya spice samples were obtained from Oko oba, Mangoro, Abule egba, Oniwaya and Pen cinema areas within Agege and from Ikeja as the control sample. The proximate analyses of the suya spices were determined by adopting the methods as described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and Pearson’s Chemical Analysis of Food. Results of proximate analyses showed significant differences in most of the parameters. Ash content was observed to be highest in Oniwaya sample (4.65±0.42), crude fibre was highest in the Ikeja sample (14.91±0.02), fat content was highest in Abule egba sample (14.04±0.05), protein content was highest in Pen cinema sample (10.29±0.09), carbohydrate was highest in Mangoro sample and Energy value was highest in mangoro sample (56.34±0.73) respectively, while moisture content was least in Pen cinema sample (6.09±0.06). Results of the mineral composition revealed sodium content to be highest in the Ikeja sample (13.75±0.02), potassium was highest in Oko oba sample (56.70±0.01), iron was highest in Mangoro sample 1.58±0.01, calcium was highest in Abule egba (21.46±0.26) and Oko oba samples (21.46±0.01) respectively,while magnesium (9.59±0.012) and copper (1.59±0.01) were observed to be highest both in Abule egba sample respectively. The lead content was reported to be less than 0.1ppm in all samples. As such, suya spices which are made from natural ingredients and possessing high nutritive values may be recommended as a natural flavour enhancer in foods and sauces.

The work focuses on public policy issues and the role of constitutionalism in Nigeria. Many policies have been made in Nigeria on different issues but we discovered that many hardly see the light of the day. The heroine effect of policy failure in Nigeria have always been on the toiling masses. The point of my argument is that Nigeria has at different times made and promulgate many constitutions right from independent in 1960. The 1999 Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria to some extent may be regarded as constitution with constitutionalism, if this is the case then, an adherence to the dictate of the constitution can solved the problem of fail public policy in Nigeria. The country is not bereaved of public policies: the problem is most of them ‘ended in fiasco’. In fact, some scholars linked policy failure in Nigeria to the inability of the government to identify the needs of its citizens before initiating the policies. A close look at the statement indicates that the inability of any government to successfully manage its policy process, encounters grave challenges of development. The present work therefore will examine the possibility of exploring the concept of constitutionalism and it attendant advantage as a way of enhancing the coherent and effective implementation of public policy in Nigeria.

Hydro-geoelectric study has been undertaken within the Smoking Hills Golf Resort Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State. The golf resort is situated on the Crystalline Basement Complex rocks of Southwestern Nigeria with the lithology consisting of variably migmatized Biotite-Hornblende-Gneiss with intercalated Amphibolite and Quartzite. The study involved the Direct Current Electrical Resistivity method of geophysical prospecting. The field technique adopted is the vertical electrical sounding (VES) utilizing the Schlumberger configuration. Twenty five (25) VES stations were occupied within the study area. The sounding curve types obtained from the field data are KH, H, HKH, KQ, AK, KQH, AKQ, K and KHK. The sounding data presented a lithologic sequence consisting of the topsoil, thick weathered basement, partially weathered/fractured basement and the fresh bedrock. The overburden materials within the golf resort which are generally in excess thickness of 21.8 m with maximum thickness of 120.9 m constitute the main aquifer units with possibility of fairly adequate yield at twenty one VES locations. A combination of overburden materials and the partially weathered/fractured basement constitute aquifer units with fairly adequate yield at three VES locations while the partially weathered/fractured basement constitutes the main aquifer unit at one VES point. The groundwater potential of Smoking Hills Golf Resort is of low ranking beneath two VES locations (VES 15 and VES 20) and of medium ranking beneath the remaining twenty three (23) VES locations.

Self-breast examination, (SBE) is a technique which allows an individual to examine his/her breast for any visual or palpable changes which could be an indicator of a breast disease. We embarked on this project to find the level of awareness and practice of SBE among female medical undergraduate students of Abia State University Uturu, (ABSU), Abia State, South East Nigeria.

This was a questionnaire based study on female medical students of ABSU. After ethical clearance, questionnaires were administered to consenting female medical students. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS software programme version 21.

 Out of the 419 questionnaires distributed, there were 384(92%) respondents. Of these, 378(98.4%) have heard about SBE, while 6(1.60%) have not. The major sources of information on SBE were medical and health education in 131(34.1%), the media in 126(32.8%) and friends in 112(29.2%) respondents. Three hundred and sixteen (82.3%) of the respondents knew how to perform SBE, while 68(17.7%) did not know. Fifty three (13.8%) performed SBE monthly. Health education and media are the major sources of information on SBE.

Concerted efforts to enhance firm profitability in today’s present hypercompetitive business environment have seen the emergence of strategic management practices (SMP). As a consequence, a considerable amount of research attention has been paid to investigating the relationships of firm profitability to the SMP. Nevertheless, little is known about the moderating role of strategic capabilities to the relationships. Thus, the paper is poised to fill this gap. Consistent with this objective, we propose that SMP is significantly related to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) profitability in Nigeria. Building from the dynamic capabilities theory, we further suggest that strategic capabilities moderate the relationships between SMP and SMEs profitability in the study area. We test these arguments using a cross-sectional survey data collected through mailed questionnaire administered to eighty-seven (87) sample SMEs operating in the financial intermediation sector selected by two stage sampling techniques: purposive sampling and simple random sampling methods. Reliability of the measurement model is tested using Chronbach Alpha while multiple linear regression model is incorporated to test the hypotheses. Results show evidence of statistically significant relationships between SMP and SMEs profitability. It was also proved that strategic capabilities positively moderate the relationships between the variables but not significant. The link exist among the variables demonstrates the values and important of SMP and strategic capabilities in achieving profitability. Hence, it is recommended that SMP executives and entrepreneurs should always consider strategies effective to competing successfully and sustain financial goals with the global change.