The effects of dietary inclusion of fresh pawpaw leaf (carica papaya L.) on growth performance and Haematological indices of grower rabbits were evaluated in an eight (8) weeks feeding trials .Atotal of twenty four (24)grower rabbits were assigned to four dietary treatments of six (6) rabbits each, replicated three times with two (2) rabbits per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experimental diets were formulated and fresh pawpaw leaf included in the diets across at the levels of 0%, 0.5% 1% and 1.5% in T1,T2,T3 and T4 respectively.The results of the study showed; Final Weight (FW), Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) and Average Daily Weight Gain (ADWG) were significantly different at (P˂0.05). The values obtained were 1130.00,1189.17, 1049.00 and 1292.67 respectively for T1,T2,T3 and T4, the highest value was recorded in T4 with value of 1292.67 that contained 1.5% of Fresh Pawpaw Leaf (FPL). Best performance for Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was recorded in T4 with 2.74 with Fresh Pawpaw Leaf (FPL) and the poorest Feed Conversion Ratio was recorded in T3 with 3.31 FPL respectively. Hematological indices were carried out and White blood cell(WBC), Red blood cell(RBC),Hemoglobin (Hb), Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV),Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) were not significantly different among treatment groups(P˃0.05). It was concluded from the results obtained that Fresh Pawpaw Leaf (FPL) can be included in diets of grower rabbits at level of 1.5% with improved growth performance and no adverse effect on hematological indices.

The focus of this research work was to carry out a survey of copyright infringement among students of the Federal Polytechnic Ilaro and Federal College of Education, Abeokuta. Research findings from previous empirical studies attested to the fact that copyright infringement was rampant but there were no enough survey on it. Moreover,  thefocus of other studies was on universities with little or no attention given to the Polytechnics and Colleges of Education. Two research questions were raised to give direction to the study. The theoretical framework for this study was Knowledge Gap theory.  Survey method was used for the study. A total number of 400 copies of questionnaire were administered and 392 copies were recovered and valid for the research. A stratified sampling technique was used. Findings show that the awareness of the provisions of copyright laws and plagiarism was not satisfactory. However, a higher knowledge of copyright infringement existed among the students of the Federal Polytechnic Ilaro than their counterparts in the Federal College of Education, Abeokuta. Furthermore, lack of research skills, pressure to meet deadlines for assignments and projects and laziness on the part of students were responsible for plagiarism among students. In view of the findings, it was recommended that the Federal Government through her agency (Federal Ministry Education) should develop strict rules for punishment on copyright infringement in its various forms and a need to employ plagiarism detention software in our schools.

This article sought to inaugurate the connection of the dimension ofthe use of transactional leadership behaviours and students’ participation in the teaching-learning Milieu.The study adopted a descriptive research design. Out of a total of three hundred and twelve Master of Divinity (M.Div) students of the Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, eighty-eight of them were given three questionnaires with the names of different faculty members across the three faculties: Church Music, Education and theology. Which were selected at random, making the questionnaire forms distributed to be two hundred and sixty-four (264). Various responses were compared to get the result of each respondent for all the three faculty members thereby forming the basis for the result used in this research. The Faculty members rated were those who taught them while this research was being carried out. 21 Faculty members out of a total of 54 were also sampled.The instrument used to collate data was a self-designed questionnaire which benefitted from literature. To ensure relia5bility, the questionnaire was trial-tested through a pilot study with 20 students outside the areas of study. The split-half method was applied,and a reliability coefficient value of r=  0.81was obtained. A total of the 264 questionnaire forms distributed were returned. The data was analysed using a simple percentage. Based on the result of the findings, an inference can be drawn that faculty members to a large extent make use of triad transactional leadership behaviour in their dealings with students in the teaching-learning milieu. A few of them (less than 11%) employ the triad transactional leadership behaviour such as Laissez-Faire (Hands-off leadership), management-by-exception (Putting out the fires), and contingent rewards (Let’s make a deal!)  while a large number (about  70%) use two (management-by-exception (70%) and contingent rewards (76%))  effectively.Content analysis of respondents’ observations and reports depicted certain methods and modes that their lecturers use in the classroom and also described their perceived relationship and how it affects learning.Thelecturers are creative, interactive, educative, and practical and made sure there is a relaxed environment as they put on a cool, calm, collected, firm and insightful personality that they have. They are concerned with students’ progress as they are detailed, articulate, dynamic, and accommodative to other’s view and being highly participatory with three domains of learning supporting it with up-to-date discipling. An appropriate level of the exhibition of transactional leadership behaviourcertainly aids students’ participation with teaching that is Student-oriented and experiential with live examples, peculiarities of teaching methodologies are astounding as there are varieties of methods which are used interchangeably. Therefore, based on the outcome of this research, it is essential for every theological educator to embrace triad of transactional leadership behaviours because it enhances greatly the participation of seminary students and saves the faculty members of monotony in terms of teaching methodology.  

Educational resources adequacy has become a topical issue in the education system of the country because of its consequences on the internal and external efficiency of both public and private secondary schools. The objective of this study is to investigate the educational resources adequacy in public and private secondary schools in Akoko-edo Local Government Area of Edo State. In order to carry out the task, two research questions were raised. The research design used was the descriptive survey research. The data were collected using multistage random sampling techniques of 145 teachers in public and private secondary schools across Akoko-edo Local Government Area of Edo State. The research instrument used for the study was validated by three experts in measurement and evaluation, and yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.75, thus indicating that the instrument is reliable. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages as well as t-test statistics. Results revealed that the classrooms in both public and private are the only educational resources that are adequate in the secondary schools in Akoko-edo Local Government Area. Significant (p<0.05) variation was found to exist between public and private secondary schools in terms of human and physical resources. Recommendations were made that government should allocate enough funds and send such fund to schools directly and timely so as to enable such schools prioritize and acquire most needed facilities in schools. Also, the directorate of quality assurance and standards within the ministry of education should be more empowered with resources to enable them carry out their roles. It is expected that their regular visits to schools would be beneficial to schools as through their guidance; schools would be able to maintain the expected standards regarding school’s physical, material and human resources for effective learning to take place.

The ineluctable demands of the 21^st century teaching and learning process make it imperative for every society to re-assess her teacher education to ascertain it functionality and relevance to the contemporary pedagogy. Just as the saying goes, “No nation can rise above the level of its teachers”, it is obvious that teacher education programme should be structured to be compatible with the current pedagogical implications. In view of this, this work x-rays the historical development of teacher education in Nigeria with is attending challenges.

Also, it x-rays the 21^st century teaching and learning process, as well as the expectancy of 21^st century teacher education with reference to the goals of teacher education programme in Nigeria. The teacher educationmodel-mapping recommendations of the National Institute of Education, Singapore are employed to buttress the 21^st expectancy century teacher education. Lastly, the work recommends that the Nigerian society should have a proactive paradigm shift from what is observed in teacher education today to the 21^st century education demands-compliant teacher education.

Financial institutions are seldom set up by a group of individuals aimed at addressing financial and development issues affecting societies. These types of institutions or organizations are created unilaterally, bilaterally or multilaterally as such they exist in virtually every country across the globe where the shareholders of such institutions are the national governments of the partnering countries in case of which they are referred to as International Financial Institutions (IFIs). IFIs play a significant role in the development of various social and economic programs of nations, especially the underdeveloped or developing nations. One of such institutions that has been supporting Nigeria as a country, in the area of development policies, funding and projects implementation is the World Bank. The United Nations affiliate, World Bank, was founded in 1944 in order to address the post-war economic and infrastructural challenges in the affected member states. This the bank accomplishes through lending, promoting investments and development of resources, especially in developing countries. World Bank efforts in Nigeria’s development agenda has been in the area of agriculture, health education and other sectors of the economy through its programmes. Appreciable successes can be said to be recorded in some areas or sectors of the country’s economy but there are some obstacles that often hinder the expected efficiency and outcome of World Bank assisted programmes in Nigeria. Thus, the need to ensure that those obstacles, such as corruption, mismanagement etc, are eliminated for the overall economic growth and development in the country.  

This paper looks at the extraction of oil from African Breadfruit (Treculia Africana) seeds using different solvents. The seeds were crushed into powder and the oil was extracted from the powder. The method of extraction employed was soxhlet (Solvent extraction method). The solvents used were Acetone, N-hexane, Ethanol, Petroleum Ether and Diethyl ether. The amount of oil extracted by each solvent was recorded and the % yield was calculated.Conc. Diethyl ether had the highest % yield of 15.02 while Ethanol had the lowest % yield of 0.2. Also there was a significant difference in the yield of oil extracted byDiethyl ether and Conc. Diethyl ether showing that the concentration of a particular solvent has an effect on the quantity of oil yield.