A competency-based curriculum has been adopted in the Kenyan education system. However, learners with disabilities in regular schools would be learning using two separate programmes, that is an inclusive education programme and a competency-based curriculum programme. Implementing the two programms simultaneously to this category of learners could be challenging. Therefore, this study focused on the instructional methods adaptation influencing competency-based curriculum implementation for Early Years Learners with disabilities in primary schools. The study was premised on the theory of Complexity and Education by Davis and Sumara (2006), which holds that the fruitfulness and range of systems in which ambiguity and uncertainty occur, should be embraced, and accommodated during evaluation. The researcher employed a concurrent embedded design based on the mixed-method approach in data gathering. The study’s location was Nairobi City County, Kenya. The target population was 368 participants and from this target, the study sampled 16 heads of schools, 48 teachers, and 2 Educational Officers who were the respondents. The instruments of data collection were semi-structured questionnaires, an observation checklist, and an interview schedule. The piloting of instruments took place in one school with a special unit. The instruments were only accepted as valid and reliable after the results of Cronbach's alpha coefficient of r=.75. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. In addition, data were prepared and organized using Statistical Package for Social Sciences into percentages, mean, Skewness, standard deviations, graphs, and tables. The researcher tested the hypothesis by use of the chi-square test at a significant level of α =<.05.

Findings revealed that teachers with a high mean score on instructional methods adaptation for learners with disabilities also had high mean scores on implementation of CBC in a regular class. Alternate instructional methods were lowly employed for teaching learners with disabilities in regular classes. Learners with disabilities were lowly accommodated and achieved less during learning in regular classes. Instructional methods were not adapted for learners with disabilities during the implementation of a competency-based curriculum for greater improvement in learning achievement in regular classes. Teachers were trained in special needs, primary teaching, or early childhood education and faced challenges in the adaptation of instructional pedagogies for learners with disabilities to implement the competency-based curriculum in the regular classes. The study provides information that will influence policy and practice in implementing competency-based curriculum among learners with disabilities

The manufacturing sector has experienced losses in its financial performance over the years. For example in 2016 Mumias Sugar record Ksh 6.3 billion in pretax losses which led to its closure for nearly three months , in 2017 the company still recorded a loss of 6.8 billion, in 2018 the company further recorded a loss of Ksh15.1 billion. One of the factors that were attributed to this low financial performance was poor financing mode. Eveready in 2006 with a listing price Ksh 9.50 was the most speculative share price however it only did well for about a month and then its price fell way below the IPO issue price. ARM cement had huge debts in its capital structure and it reported huge losses hence finding itself in serious debt crises owing creditors more than its net worth therefore the study sought to assess the moderating role of firm size on the relationship between cost of capital and financial performance of selected firms in NSE, Kenya. The study was guided by Trade-off Theory. The study adopted descriptive research design. The unit of observation was manufacturing companies Listed in NSE (NSE).  According to NSE there are 8 manufacturing firms that are listed at NSE. The researcher collected secondary data from the audited annual financial reports of 8 manufacturing firms listed in NSE. The study used data collection sheet to assist in data collection. Descriptive and inferential analysis was used in data analysis. From the findings the study concluded that firm size as the moderating variable  have a small statistical significant effect on the relationship between cost of capital and financial performance  of manufacturing firms listed  in NSE. From the conclusion the study recommended that it is important for the management of these firms to consider ways to expand the size of their firms, such as by merging small branches to form larger firms that will positively affect financial performance.

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental diseases globally and the currently available anti-anxiety drugs are few and are encumbered with individual limitations. This scenario calls for the discovery of additional novel anxiety-alleviating drugs. To bridge this need gap, some African plants with traditional anti-anxiety effect were to be screened for their in-vivo anxiolytic efficacy using standard behavioural tools. But in resource-poor settings like Nigeria, many anxiety test apparatuses are eitherphysically unavailable norfinancially unaffordable, hence the need to embark upon local fabrication of units of the mouse elevated zero-maze and staircase apparatus. The unit cost of the end products of the fabrication exercise is found to be less than 5% of that of their imported counterparts against which they compare favourably well in safety, operationality and rodent anxiety sensitivity. There is the need forwidespread growth of such appropriate technology to engender greater self-reliant research in behavioural and other medical sciences on the African continent.